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流式细胞术（FCM）是一种可对单个细胞的理化特性及生物学表型进行多参数分析的技术。FCM已成为辅助慢性病管理的重要手段，不仅用于慢性病的早期诊断，还可监测患者免疫状态、了解疾病进展和疗效以及评估预后，其临床应用范围从白血病、淋巴瘤等血液系统疾病扩展到实体肿瘤和慢性阻塞性肺疾病等。且随着技术的不断革新，一些新型FCM将在各类慢性病诊疗中发挥更多的作用，为优化慢性病的管理提供强有力的支持。

Flow cytometry (FCM) is a technique that can perform the multiparametric analysis of single cell. Recently, FCM has become an important tool to assist the management of chronic diseases. The clinical application of FCM has expanded from blood diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma to other chronic diseases such as solid tumors and chronic obstructive lung. Besides, FCM plays an important role in improving the efficacy of early diagnosis, monitoring on the immune status of patients, understanding of the disease progression, and assessment of prognosis of patients. Henceforth, more assistance could be provided by FCM to optimize the management of chronic diseases with the continuous innovation.