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中央环路模型是一种严重脑损伤后意识障碍产生及恢复的神经环路机制，该模型的提出为意识障碍的诊断、治疗及预后提供了理论基础。"ABCD"模型是利用脑电图功率谱来评估皮层-丘脑传入水平的工具，其与中央环路模型相结合，可以预测意识障碍患者的预后。苍白球外侧作为中央环路模型的"新节点"，在维持皮层电活动和行为唤醒方面发挥重要作用。本文围绕中央环路模型的概念及其与额顶叶网络的相互作用、"ABCD"模型、苍白球外侧在中央环路模型中的作用等方面的研究进展进行综述，以期为意识障碍的发病机制研究提供新思路。

"Mesocircuit" model (MM) refers to a neural circuit mechanism underlying the generation and recovery of consciousness following severe brain injury. The proposed model provides theoretical basis for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of disorder of consciousness (DoC). The integration of "ABCD" model (employing EEG spectral power to assess cortico-thalamic input) with MM significantly augments its prognostic utility in DoC. The globus pallidus external has been identified as "novel node" of MM, serving as a nexus that critically contributes to the maintenance of electrocortical activity and behavioral arousal. This article reviews the theoretical underpinnings of MM, its synergistic interactions with frontoparietal network, "ABCD" model, and increasingly recognized role of the globus pallidus external as a dynamic constituent of MM, aiming to provide new ideas for pathogenesis of DoC.