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胃肠内分泌细胞(enteroendocrine cell, EEC)是一种由肠隐窝干细胞逐步分化形成的特殊激素分泌细胞，在调节机体代谢的过程中发挥至关重要的作用。伴随着生物学技术的进步，多种转录因子及信号通路在EEC分化各阶段中的调控作用也愈发清晰。此外，EEC的激素分泌还具有可塑性，机体内不同营养状态和肠道菌群更替也会影响EEC的分化和功能调控。类器官作为新型体外培养模型，有助于进一步推动EEC的功能研究。

Enteroendocrine cells are specialized hormone-secreting cells formed by the gradual differentiation of crypt stem cells in the intestine, which play a vital role in regulating metabolism. With advances in biological technologies, the roles of various transcription factors and signaling pathways in the differentiation stages of enteroendocrine cell have become clearer. In addition, the hormone secretion of enteroendocrine cells exhibits plasticity, influenced by different nutritional states and changes in gut microbiota, which affect the differentiation and functional regulation of enteroendocrine cells. Organoid models serve as novel in vitro culture models that facilitate further exploration into enteroendocrine cell functionality.