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目的 评价诊断性腹腔镜在胃癌治疗决策选择中的临床意义.方法 回顾性分析上海复旦大学附属中山manbet官网登录 普通外科胃癌专业组2009—2014年间收治的2023例胃癌手术患者的临床病理资料,所有患者在术前均已通过胃镜病理确诊为胃癌,并在术前行腹盆腔影像学检查作为临床分期的依据.诊断性腹腔镜的做法为取脐周小切口,开放式建立CO2气腹,压力设定为10~15 mmHg.置入10 mm Trocar,放入腹腔镜镜头,于左右锁骨中线肋缘下两指处置入5 mm Trocar,放入操作器械.观察腹水情况,探查腹壁﹑肝脏﹑膈肌﹑脾脏﹑大网膜﹑结肠及其系膜﹑小肠及其系膜﹑双侧附件区(女性)及盆底有无种植转移.若肿瘤位于胃后壁,则术中打开胃结肠韧带,探查网膜囊有无种植转移.评估诊断性腹腔镜判断胃癌邻近脏器侵犯和腹腔内远处转移的准确性,并计算因诊断性腹腔镜而调整治疗策略患者的比例.结果 2023例胃癌手术病例中,行诊断性腹腔镜手术1067例(52.7%).对于评估是否侵犯邻近脏器和是否存在腹腔内远处转移,诊断性腹腔镜的准确率分别为98.3%(1049∕1067)和98.1%(1047∕1067),且分别有14例和32例被影像学检查遗漏的T4b期患者和腹腔转移患者通过诊断性腹腔镜获得了诊断.有9.3%(99∕1067)的患者在探查后改变了治疗方案,其中65例(6.1%)避免了非治疗性剖腹.但仍然有18例侵犯邻近脏器和20例腹腔内转移的胃癌患者未能通过诊断性腹腔镜获得诊断,并且有12例(1.1%)接受了非治疗性开腹.结论 诊断性腹腔镜对于评估是否有邻近脏器侵犯和腹腔内远处转移方面有较高价值,对于胃癌治疗策略的精准制定有重要的临床意义.

Objective To assess the clinical value of the diagnostic laparoscopy in choosing treatment strategies for patients with gastric cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical and pathological data collected from 2023 patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery in the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from 2009 to 2014. All the patients were diagnosed as gastric cancer by endoscopic biopsy and staged by imaging examination before surgery. During the diagnostic laparoscopy procedure, a small periumbilical incision was made and a pneumoperitoneum with CO2 under 10-15 mmHg was established through a port. A 10 mm trocar was put in, and the camera was inserted. Two 5 mm trocars were put in two ports which located in midclavicular line two fingers under the left and right costal margin and then the instruments were inserted. A thorough inspection included ascites, the abdominal cavity, liver, diaphragm, spleen, greater omentum, colon, small intestine, mesentery, adnexa (female) and pelvic floor. If the tumor located at the posterior part of the stomach,the gastrocolic ligament was opened in order to look for carcinomatosis in the omental bursa. The accuracy rate of diagnostic laparoscopy in diagnosing adjacent organ invasion and intra-abdominal metastasis was calculated, and the rate of adjusting treatment plans after diagnostic laparoscopy was also calculated. Results There were 52.7%(1067∕2023) of patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy. The accuracy rate of diagnostic laparoscopy in evaluating adjacent organ invasion and intra-abdominal metastasis were 98.3%(1049∕1067) and 98.1%(1047∕1067) respectively. Besides, 14 patients with stage T4b and 32 with intra-abdominal metastasis, which were missed by imaging examination, were diagnosed by diagnostic laparoscopy. The treatment plans of 9.3% (99∕1067) of patients were changed after diagnostic laparoscopy, and 65 (6.1%) cases of non-therapeutic laparotomy were avoided. However, 18 cases of adjacent organ invasion and 20 cases of intra-abdominal metastasis were still missed by diagnostic laparoscopy, and 12 cases received non-therapeutic laparotomy. Conclusion Diagnostic laparoscopy has considerable value in assessing adjacent organ invasion and intra-abdominal metastasis and has great clinical significance in making precise treatment plans.